Crayon or pencil



U NITE-D STATES PAT NT OFF-I E.-

ANSON K. cnoss, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

cRAYoNoR PENCIL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 508,469, dated November 14, 1893. Application filed May 27, 1893- Srial No. 475,786. (No specimens.)

chusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Crayons or Pencils, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to produce a crayon or pencil which will mark upon a glazed surface, such as smooth glass, the mark of which can be readily removed. I obtain this object by the use of a composition made principally of the following ingredients, ozocerite, soap and coloring matter. The ozocerite being a mineralparaffine having a high melting point is very elastic and possesses more body than other paraftines or waxes. The ozocerite is the principal ingredient of my composition to which it gives body and the capacity of marking upon a glazed surface. The soap which I use maybe of different degrees of hardness and while it has the capacity of marking upon a glazed surface its chief function in my composition is to enable the mark made by the pencil to be readily removed by water. The ozocerite and soap should be melted together and the col-- oring matter which may be lamp-black or any pigment, should then be added in a sufficient quantity to enable the pencil mark to be plainly seen. The quantities which I prefor to use of the above named ingredients are about twice as much ozocerite as soap. The proportions may be varied somewhat and still produce substantially the same result. When these ingredients are melted the mass may be run into molds or into sheets .Which may be cutinto pieces suitable for use as pencils or crayons.

The composition above described may be varied somewhat and improved by adding a small amount of aga aga, a vegetable gelatine which is much stronger than other gelatines. It is less affected by heat than other gelatines and to be dissolved after it has been soaked in water, requires boiling for a considerable time. The aga aga also increases the elasticity of the crayon, and is very essential where' a highly elastic pencil is desired. The ozocerite has so much more body than beeswax or common parafline that the burning which was necessary in making the composition described in a former application of mine is unnecessary, which is a great gain in the expense of manufacture, which in addition to the gain resulting from the cheapness of ozocerite makes my pencil much cheaper than any which has been previously produced.

Different degrees of hardness may be given to the pencil by varying the proportions above-named and also by the addition of a small amount, not exceeding ten per cent. of the entire mass, of other substances of a softer or harder nature. Thus the pencil can be softened by the addition of glycerine or oil or fat, and hardened by shellac. If a very hard pencil is required it may be produced by burning my composition for a short time.

The characteristic of ozocerite, whether in its crude or refined states, which especially tits it for my purposes, is its high melting point. It may be possible to produce some other form of paraffine having a similarly high melting point, which would be an equivalent for ozocerite in my composition and it would be within the scope of my invention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A pencil or crayon for marking upon a polished surface, consisting of a composition in which ozocerite is the principal ingredient and is combined with coloring matter, sub- 7 used in approximately the proportions set forth, substantially as described.

4. A pencil or crayon for marking upon a polished surface, consisting of a composition in which ozocerite, coloring matter, agaaga: and soapy materials are used in approximately the proportions set forth, substantially as described.

5. A pencil or crayon for marking upon a polished surface, consisting of a composition and soapy materials are used in approxiin which ozocerite, coloring matter, glycerine mately the proportions set forth, substantially 10 and soapy materials are used in approxias described. mately the proportions set forth, substantially 5 as described.

6. A pencil for marking upon a polished Witnesses: surface, consisting of a composition in which CHAS. F. PERKINS, ozocerite, coloring matter, glycerine, aga aga E. A. SOPER.

ANSON K. CROSS. 

